2022年專升本英語專題解析

Part I. Vocabulary & structure （25%）

Directions: This part is to test your vocabulary and grammar knowledge. There are

25 items in it. For each item there are four choices marked A.B.C and D. Choose the

best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

1.Can you help me with my homework?  I’m sure it_____take long.

A. won’t

B. will  

C. can’t

D. can

答(da)案為【A】

【解析】本題考察時態(tai)。根據前(qian)半句信息(xi)可知，這件事并不會(hui)花費(fei)太(tai)長時間，用一般將來(lai)時(shi)的否定形式即可(ke)，即A。

【本題譯文】你可以幫我(wo)看下我(wo)的作業(ye)嘛？我確定不(bu)會(hui)花(hua)很長(chang)時間。

2.Tom_____online when his computer broken down.

A. was shopping

B. is shopping

C. shops

D. shopped

答案為(wei)【A】

【解析(xi)】本題考察時態。題干中包含句型be doing...when...句型結構，意為某人(ren)正在做某事時，突然(ran)...。從(cong)從(cong)句broken可(ke)知，be動詞應該一般(ban)過去時(shi)，故(gu)選(xuan)A。

【本(ben)題譯文(wen)】Tom正在網購(gou)的時候(hou)電腦突然壞了。

3.These pictures_____on campus last week.

A. was taken

B. were taken

C. has taken

D. have taken

答案為【B】

【解析】本(ben)題考察(cha)主謂一致、時態語態。首先判斷時間(jian)，由(you)last week可知時(shi)間為過去，且題(ti)干中these pictures可知(zhi)數量較多(duo)，因(yin)此可以(yi)排(pai)除(chu)C選(xuan)項，picture 和 take on的關(guan)系(xi)為(wei)被(bei)動，其結構為be done，結(jie)合起來，be動詞選(xuan)用(yong)過(guo)去式，因此選用B。

【本題譯文】上周這些照片(pian)呈現在校內。

4.We missed the bus, so we decided______for the next one.

A. waiting

B. to be waiting

C. to wait

D. having waited

答(da)案為(wei)【C】

【解(jie)析】本題考察非謂語動(dong)詞。decide后面接的是to do即decide to do sth.而不是decide doing sth.此處不需要時間先(xian)后關系。

【本題譯文】我(wo)們錯(cuo)過了公交(jiao)車，所(suo)以我們決(jue)定等下一輛。

5.If I were you, I______book tickets as soon as possible.  

A. would

B. were

C. could

D. might

答案為【A】

【解(jie)析】本題考察虛擬語氣，由從句“were”一般過去時(shi)態可知，是對現在情況(kuang)的虛擬，故主句應用(yong)would,might,could,should+動詞原形(xing)，由題(ti)意(yi)可知，如果(guo)我(wo)是你，我(wo)將盡(jin)快(kuai)定(ding)票(piao)。

【本題譯文】如果(guo)我是(shi)你，我將(jiang)盡快定票(piao)。

6.Liu Yang is___first Chinese woman, who has work in space.  

A./

B. the

C. a

D. an

答案為【B】

【解(jie)析】本題考察定冠詞。序數(shu)詞前應(ying)用定冠(guan)詞the，題干中有(you)first因此選B。

【本題(ti)譯(yi)文】劉洋是第一個在太空工(gong)作的女性。

7.Doing Tai chi exercises____one of the traditional Chinese ways to maintain mental peace.

A.was

B. were

C. is

D. are

答案為【C】

【解析】本題(ti)考查非謂(wei)語動詞和時態(tai)。動名詞做主語，其(qi)謂語動詞應用單三的形式(shi)，因(yin)此(ci)先排除(chu)B和D項，另外詞題(ti)說(shuo)的是(shi)一(yi)般(ban)事實，因此選(xuan)用一般現在時即可。題干中的Tai chi exercises為迷惑(huo)信息，很(hen)多學生會(hui)誤選成人稱復數(shu)的形式。

【本題譯文(wen)】打太極拳是(shi)中國傳統的(de)保持(chi)精神平(ping)靜的(de)方法之(zhi)一。

8.____you show me your health code? You wouldn't be allowed to get in if you ___.

A.Could; can’t

B. Can; couldn’t

C. Will; won’t

D. May; can’t

答案(an)為【B】

【解析】本(ben)題考察情態動詞。表(biao)示(shi)婉轉的詢問用could，may在問句中通常用第一人(ren)稱，后一個空說明人的能力，不能夠展示二維碼，用can即可。

【本題譯(yi)文(wen)】你(ni)可以出示健康碼嗎？如果(guo)不能的話不能進(jin)去。

9.___extremely tired ,thousands of medical workers continue to perform their duties.

A.Since

B. As

C. However

D. Although

答案為(wei)【D】

【解析】本題考察狀(zhuang)語從句。由句(ju)意可(ke)知前后句(ju)為(wei)讓步關(guan)系，since引導(dao)原因狀語從句，時間狀語從句，as引導讓步(bu)狀語從(cong)句是應倒(dao)裝，however意(yi)為“不管怎樣”

【本題譯(yi)文】即使極(ji)度疲憊了，但(dan)是成千上萬的(de)醫(yi)務工作者還(huan)在(zai)履行(xing)他們(men)的(de)職責。

10.Children may feel more confident for working groups______working alone.

A. by

B. over

C. to

D. than

答案為【D】

【解析】本題考察比較級。題干中(zhong)“more confident”的信(xin)息可知比獨自一個人更自信(xin)，前(qian)面“working groups”跟后(hou)面的“working alone”形(xing)成對比，選擇(ze)D。

【本題譯文(wen)】孩子們比起獨自(zi)工作，團隊工(gong)作可能(neng)更有(you)信(xin)心。

11.Bob______his parents often takes a long walk in the evening.

A. and

B. both

C. as well as

D. but also

答案為【C】

【解(jie)析(xi)】本題考察主謂一致。題(ti)干中的謂語動詞為“takes”，與前面的(de)Bob對應(ying)而非his parents，因此選(xuan)擇就(jiu)遠原則(ze)中的C選項。

【本題譯文】鮑(bao)勃(bo)和他的(de)父母(mu)經常在晚上(shang)散(san)步(bu)很長時間。

12.I made a lot of mistakes in the reading. Could you tell_____?

A. how I can improve my English

B. why I can improve my English

C. how can I improve my English

D. why can I improve my English

答案為【A】

【解(jie)析】本題(ti)考察(cha)賓語從句。在賓語從句中應用陳述語序，也就是(shi)主語+謂(wei)語的形式(shi)。因此(ci)先(xian)排除C和D，CD均為疑(yi)問語序(xu)。另外根(gen)據句意，意在詢問如何(he)提高(gao)英語(yu)，而非為什么提(ti)高英語，選A。

【本題譯文】我閱讀錯(cuo)了很多(duo)，你可以告訴我怎(zen)么提(ti)高英語嗎？

13.Tom,please help _____ to some drinks, they are all over there on the table.  

A. you

B. me       

C. yourself

D. myself

答案為【C】

【解(jie)析】本題考查固定搭配。題(ti)干中help oneself意為“請自便”，不用客氣(qi)之(zhi)意。

【本題譯文】湯姆，請隨便(bian)喝些飲料，它們(men)都在那邊的桌子上。

14. Nowadays, many people prefer subway____buses.

A. to

B. of

C. against

D. over

答案為【A】

【解(jie)析(xi)】本題考察固定句型。 prefer A to B表示的是比起(qi)B來更喜(xi)歡A。

【本(ben)題(ti)譯文】如今，許(xu)多人更喜歡(huan)地鐵而(er)不是公共汽車。

15. --Alex, did you see all the acts?

--No, when I got to the theater, they were playing_____.

A. act three

B. third act

C. the act third

D. the act three

答案為【A】

【解析】本(ben)題考察數(shu)詞。Act three= the third act，一般在劇目，書籍的(de)頁數等用基數詞即可。例如Class one也可(ke)以說成the first class.

【本題譯文】埃里克斯，你看了全部的表演嗎？沒有，當(dang)我到劇院的(de)時候，他們正(zheng)在演第(di)三場(chang)目。

16.I’m sorry, I promise I won't_____my homework, tomorrow.

A. remember

B. forget

C. bring

D. finish

答案(an)為【B】

【解析】本題考(kao)察詞義辨析。Remember：記得(de)，記憶；forget：忘記；bring：帶來(lai)；finish：完成。根據句意選擇B。

【本題(ti)譯文(wen)】不好(hao)意思，我保證我明天不(bu)會忘記我的家(jia)庭作業。

17.People sometimes cross their arms and this gesture may___us that they want to protect themselves.

A.say

B. tell

C. speak

D. talk

答(da)案為【B】

【解析】本題考查同義詞辨(bian)析。tell “告訴；講；吩(fen)咐(fu)” 既注重(zhong)說話(hua)的(de)內(nei)容（sth.），又(you)有告訴的對象（sb.），即tell sb. sth.

talk "談(tan)話"，指(zhi)兩個人或多人的非正式交(jiao)談，常用talk to/with sb.

say 側重于(yu)所說(shuo)的(de)具體內容，即“他說了某某話”。

speak 描述的是說(shuo)話(hua)的動作(zuo)，或(huo)者(zhe)是單(dan)方(fang)面(mian)的談話(hua)（電話(hua)用語：May I speak to Jack?）。它(ta)更(geng)多的是強調在正(zheng)式場合表示發言、演講，說(shuo)某種語言，如speak English。根據句意選擇tell。

【本題譯文】人們(men)有時會(hui)交叉(cha)雙(shuang)臂(bei)，這種姿勢可能會(hui)告訴我們(men)他們(men)想(xiang)保護自己。

18.Yesterday, I____a great effort and I got up early.

A. made

B. had

C. did

D. were

答案(an)為(wei)【A】

【解析】本題考察固(gu)定搭配。make a great effort意為(wei)“付出(chu)巨大的努力(li)”。

除此之外(wai)還有(you)：make great progress 取得很大進(jin)步

make a great difference 有很大差別(bie)/不(bu)同(tong)

【本題譯(yi)文】昨晚我做了很(hen)大的(de)努力(li)而且我起得很(hen)早。

19.Every one could see that he was just trying ______to impress his classmates.  

A. showing around        

B. showing up     

C. showing off

D. showing out

答(da)案為【C】

【解析】本題考察詞組(zu)辨析。show sb. around 帶領(ling)某(mou)人參(can)觀(guan)；show up 到場，出席；show off 炫耀；show out 送出(chu)（客人）。根據題(ti)意選擇(ze)C。

【本題譯文】每(mei)個人都(dou)能看出他只是想炫耀一下(xia)(xia)，給(gei)同學(xue)留下(xia)(xia)好印象。

20.My friend is not interested in ______a new job.

A. looking out

B. looking in

C. looking on

D. looking for

答案為【D】

【解析】本題(ti)考察詞組(zu)辨析。look out 當(dang)心，留神(shen)（=watch out）；向外看；look in 順道拜訪；往里看；look on 旁觀；look for 尋(xun)找；渴望。根據題意選(xuan)擇(ze)D。

【本題譯文】我的朋友對找新工作不感興趣。

21.We haven’t been able to get in____with him since graduation.

A. meet

B. play

C. touch

D. link

答(da)案為【C】

【解析】本題考(kao)察固定搭配。Get in touch with sb.意(yi)為“與....聯(lian)系(xi)”“和....接觸”

【本(ben)題譯(yi)文】自(zi)從(cong)畢業(ye)后我(wo)們沒有跟他聯(lian)系。

22.Please feel_____to ask me any questions if needed.

A. glad

B. good

C. well

D. free

答(da)案為【D】

【解析】本題考察固(gu)定搭配。feel free to do是(shi)常用口語，意為(wei)“隨心(xin)所欲地(di)做某事”。

【本題譯文(wen)】如(ru)果需要(yao)，請(qing)隨時問我任何問題。

23.The headmaster is rather busy and could_____me no more than 5 minutes.

A. spend

B. save

C. spare

D. take

答案(an)為【C】

【解析】本題考察(cha)詞義辨析。spare time to do sth.“留出(chu)時間做某事”。save time意為“節(jie)約時間”，take time可(ke)以(yi)用來表達“花時間(jian)來完成(cheng)某件事”，主(zhu)語不是人，即It takes time for……

spend time主語是人，想要(yao)表達花費金錢、或花費時間來做(zuo)某事時，都可以用spend。

【本(ben)題譯文(wen)】校(xiao)長太(tai)忙了，給(gei)我的時間(jian)不超過5分(fen)鐘。

24.This classroom isn't good ,but that one is_____better.

A. ever

B. hardly

C. less

D. rather

答案為(wei)【B】

【解析】本題考察比較級辨(bian)析。even意為(wei)“甚至”；hardly 意為(wei)"幾乎不"，表(biao)否定意思，語(yu)法功能相當(dang)于not；rather意為“相當，非常”，rather good 即“相當好”；沒有less better這種說法，直接說worse就行且因為less修飾(shi)原型(xing)，因此排(pai)除。而B選(xuan)項偏向(xiang)否定(ding)，D選項(xiang)偏向肯(ken)定，前面為(wei)isn’t good，后(hou)面應選(xuan)擇hardly。

【本題譯文(wen)】這個教室(shi)不(bu)好，另外一個也沒好到哪里去。

25.We will be ready at_____time they get here this.  

A. whenever

B. however

C. wherever

D. Whatever

答(da)案為【D】

【解析】本題考察狀語(yu)從句。并(bing)不是后(hou)面有time就要選whenever，實際上(shang)這兩(liang)個詞都表示時間，會語義重(zhong)復了。“無論何時”除了whenever，還(huan)可以用at whatever time。

【本題(ti)譯文(wen)】無論他(ta)們什么時候來(lai)，我們都會做好準(zhun)備。

Passage 1

Itzhak Perlman is one of the finest violinists alive today. Several years ago, Perlman agreed to attend a charity （慈善） reception after one of his concerts.At the reception one guest said,"Mr.Perlman, you were truly amazing tonight."Perlman smiled and thanked him graciously, The man continued,"I have never heard anyone play the violin as well as you."Perlman smiled again but said nothing, and the man continued, "You know, Mr. Perlman, I would give my whole life to be able to play the violin like you did tonight."Perlman smiled once more and said,"I have."

That is the difference. While some of us sit around thinking, I would give my whole life to be able to do that, or, I hope that happens to me one day, people like Perlman are getting the job done. They are giving their whole lives to the fulfillment of their dreams.

All men and women have dreams, but only some achieve their dreams. Why is this?The reason is that some people dream and wait for their dreams to come true.They look at others, whom they consider fortunate or lucky, and think, I hope that happens to me one day! Others devote themselves to excellence and go out onto the stage of life chasing their dreams,living life passionately.They make their dreams come true.

26.What does the underlined word "graciously"(in Para.1)most probably mean?

A.Comfortably.

B.Humorously.

C.Gratefully.

D.Politely.

答案(an)為(wei)【D】

【解析】本題(ti)為詞義猜測(ce)題(ti)。定位句：At the reception one guest said,"Mr.Perlman, you were truly amazing tonight."Perlman smiled and thanked him graciously, 在此處“graciously”應為一個正向的詞，Comfortably 舒服地；Humorously幽(you)默地；Gratefully感(gan)激地，politely禮貌地。

27.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 1?

A.The guest believed that he could play the violin as well as Perlman.

B.Perlman was invited to attend a charity reception after his concert.

C.Perlman was invited to play the violin after the charity reception.

D.The guest did not really enjoy Perlman's concert.

答案為【B】

【解析】本題為細節(jie)題。A項對應原文：“You know, Mr. Perlman, I would give my whole life to be able to play the violin like you did tonight."此句說的是(shi)想像(xiang)他(ta)一樣而(er)非可以像(xiang)他(ta)一樣，應排(pai)除，B項對應原(yuan)文(wen)： Perlman agreed to attend a charity （慈善） reception after one of his concerts.即(ji)第一段第二句，與原文信(xin)息一致；C項的(de)after接的(de)是the charity reception，原(yuan)文是after concert，即在演奏會之后(hou)參加the charity reception。C項與B項相反，兩個矛(mao)盾選(xuan)項必有一個是對的，D項(xiang)與原文信息相反(fan)。

28.According to the author,why do some people achieve their dreams?

A.They wait for their dreams to come true.

B.They are considered fortunate or lucky.

C.They hope their dreams will come true.

D.They give their lives to their dreams.

答案為【D】

【解析】本(ben)題為細節題。定位(wei)句： Others devote themselves to excellence and go out onto the stage of life chasing their dreams,living life passionately.They make their dreams come true.即(ji)最后一段(duan)。ABC為迷惑選項，本(ben)段前(qian)半段信息均包含了ABC三個選項(xiang)，但是(shi)(shi)均(jun)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)本題的(de)回答。本段最后一句(ju)是作為本題的回答句(ju)，they代指了前文中(zhong)的others。

29.Why does the author tell the story about Perlman?

A.Because Perlman made his dream come true.

B.Because Perlman was very kind and gracious.

C.Because Perlman always had his own dreams.

D.Because Perlman smiled and thanked the guest.

答(da)案為【A】

【解析(xi)】本題為推理(li)判斷題。定位句： While some of us sit around thinking, I would give my whole life to be able to do that, or, I hope that happens to me one day, people like Perlman are getting the job done. They are giving their whole lives to the fulfillment of their dreams.即第二段最后兩句(ju)。其中最后一句與選項A相符。C項(xiang)為(wei)迷惑(huo)選項(xiang)，并不是(shi)有夢(meng)想而是(shi)“fulfillment of their dreams”實現夢想(xiang)。

30.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.A Charity Reception

B.Dream Differently

C.Live Passionately

D.A Fine Violinist

答案為【C】

【解析】本題為主旨題。由前幾道(dao)題可知，全文的主旨意在說明實現夢想(xiang)，而非Perlman本身。這(zhe)個(ge)人是作為佐證來說明實現夢(meng)想，其中C選項與原文信息一致(zhi)：living life passionately.ABD均(jun)不能作為主旨總結(jie)概括全文(wen)。

譯(yi)文

伊扎克·帕爾(er)曼是當今最優(you)秀的(de)小(xiao)提琴家之一(yi)。幾年前，帕爾(er)曼同意在(zai)他的(de)一(yi)場音樂會(hui)(hui)(hui)結束后參加一(yi)個慈善(shan)招待(dai)會(hui)(hui)(hui)。在(zai)招待(dai)會(hui)(hui)(hui)上，一(yi)位客人說:“先生(sheng)。帕爾曼，你今(jin)晚真是(shi)太棒了。帕爾曼微笑(xiao)著向他道謝(xie)。那人接著說:“我從來沒聽(ting)過誰的(de)小提琴拉得像你這么好。”帕爾曼(man)又笑了(le)笑，但什么也沒說(shuo)，那(nei)人接著(zhu)說(shuo):“你知道嗎，帕爾曼先(xian)生，我愿意用(yong)我的一生來(lai)換取能(neng)像你今(jin)晚那(nei)樣拉小提(ti)琴(qin)。”帕爾曼(man)又笑了，說:“是的。”

這(zhe)就是(shi)區別。當我們(men)中(zhong)的一些(xie)人坐在那里(li)思(si)考，我愿(yuan)意付出我的一生來(lai)做到(dao)這(zhe)一點（實現自己的夢想），或者，我(wo)希望有一(yi)天我(wo)也能(neng)做(zuo)到(dao)這一(yi)點(dian)，像帕爾曼這樣(yang)的人正在完成這項工(gong)作（實(shi)現夢想(xiang)）。他們把自己的一生都獻給了夢想的實現(xian)。

所(suo)有(you)的(de)男人(ren)和(he)女人(ren)都有(you)夢想，但只有(you)一些(xie)人(ren)實現了他(ta)們(men)的(de)夢想。為什么會這樣?原因是有些人(ren)有夢想都等待他們的夢想成真(zhen)（什么都不做）。他們看著別人，他們認為那些成功的(de)人都是靠(kao)運氣(qi)，然后(hou)想，我希望有一天我也會有好(hao)運！另一些(xie)人(ren)追(zhui)求卓越，走(zou)上人(ren)生(sheng)舞臺(tai)，追(zhui)逐夢想，熱情地生(sheng)活。他(ta)們讓自己的(de)夢想成真。

Passage 2

For many people, the most exciting way to shop is at a street market. Here are five world-famous markets.

The Grand Bazaar in Turkey is more than 500 years old and it has more than four thousand shops under one roof. You can buy almost anything here, but the most popular items for tourists are the beautiful carpets.

In Asia, the most famous market is perhaps in Thailand, a place called Danneon Saduak. From six in the morning to midday, every day, people sell fresh fruit and vegetables from their boats.

Many Italians say the Campo de'Fiori in Rome is the most beautiful square in the world. It's the home of a colorful flower,fruit and vegetable market,open from seven o'clock in the morning to midday every day except Sunday. It is a lively place to meet friends and to have a meal.

Every year, thousands of people travel to Germany to visit the famous Christmas Markets. The old town of Nurnberg hasthe biggest market, open from the end of November until Christmas. Here people can buy toys, hand-made gifts and Christmas decorations.

One of the world's most unusual markets is in Mexico City:at the Sonara Market. As well as toys and birds, you can buy herbs and natural medicines which (they say) can help with anything—from problems at work to problems with your marriage!

31.Which of the following may have the greatest number of shops?

A.Danneon Saduak.

B.The Grand Bazaar.

C.The Sonara Market.

D.The Campo de'Fiori

答(da)案(an)為(wei)【B】

【解(jie)析】本題為細節題。題目問(wen)：下列哪一(yi)個可能擁有最多(duo)的商店?言外之意，商店的品種很多(duo)。在最后一(yi)句話：from problems at work to problems with your marriage！從工作(zuo)到結婚的問(wen)題都可以幫你解決(jue)。因此選擇(ze)B。

32. Which of the following is a good place for meeting friends and having a meal?

A.Danneon Saduak.

B. Christmas Markets.

C.The Sonara Market.

D.The Campo de'Fiori.

答案為【D】

【解析(xi)】本題為(wei)細(xi)節題。定(ding)位句：It is a lively place to meet friends and to have a meal.即第四(si)段最后一句(ju)話(hua)，對應的地點為(wei)： Campo de'Fiori in Rome。D選(xuan)項

33.What can you buy if you visit the Nurnberg Christmas Markets?

A.Fresh vegetables.

B.Beautiful carpets.

C.Natural medicines.

D. Christmas decorations.

答(da)案為(wei)【D】

【解析】本(ben)題為細節題。定位句：Here people can buy toys, hand-made gifts and Christmas decorations.即第四點(dian)最后(hou)一句。可以買到玩具，手(shou)工禮物和圣誕(dan)節裝飾品。故選D。

34.If you have problems with your work,where would you go?

A.The Campo de'Fiori.

B.The Sonara Market.

C.The Grand Bazaar.

D.Danneon Saduak.

答(da)案為(wei)【B】

【解析(xi)】本題為細節題。定位句；from problems at work to problems with your marriage! 即最后一(yi)(yi)段最后一(yi)(yi)句(ju)，相對應的地(di)點為The Sonara Market.故(gu)選B。

35.What is the passage mainly about?

A. Well-known markets in the world.

B. Unusual products in the world.

C.Lively places to meet friends.

D. Exciting ways to shop.

答(da)案為【A】

【解析】本題為主(zhu)旨題。文章第一(yi)段已經說明了主旨大意(yi)：For many people, the most exciting way to shop is at a street market. Here are five world-famous markets.A項的“well-known markets in the world”對應了原(yuan)文的“world-famous markets”。其他三項均不能概(gai)括全文。

譯文

對許多人來說，最(zui)令人興奮的購物(wu)方(fang)式是在街頭市(shi)場(chang)。這里(li)有五(wu)個世界著名的市(shi)場(chang)。

土耳其的大巴扎有500多年的歷史，在同一屋檐下有(you)4000多家商店。在這里你幾乎可以買到任(ren)何東西，但(dan)最受游客歡迎的是(shi)美麗的地(di)毯。

在亞洲，最著名(ming)的(de)市場(chang)可能是在泰國，一個叫Danneon Saduak的地方(fang)。從早上六(liu)點(dian)到中午，每天都有人從船上賣新鮮的水(shui)果和蔬(shu)菜(cai)。

許多(duo)意大利人(ren)說羅馬(ma)的(de)花(hua)之廣(guang)場(chang)是世界上最美麗的(de)廣(guang)場(chang)。這(zhe)里有(you)五顏六(liu)色的(de)鮮花(hua)、水果(guo)和(he)蔬菜市場(chang)，除了周(zhou)日，每天(tian)早上7點(dian)到中午都營業。這是一個熱鬧的地方會(hui)見朋(peng)友和吃飯(fan)。

每年，成千上萬的(de)(de)人(ren)前往(wang)德(de)國(guo)參觀著名的(de)(de)圣誕市場。紐倫堡老(lao)城擁(yong)有******的(de)(de)市場，從11月底一直開放(fang)到(dao)圣誕(dan)節。在這里，人們可以買到(dao)玩具、手工制作的(de)禮物和圣誕(dan)裝飾品。

世界上(shang)最(zui)不(bu)尋常的市場之(zhi)一(yi)是在墨西哥城(cheng):索納拉市(shi)場(chang)。除了玩具(ju)和小鳥，你還可(ke)以買(mai)草藥(yao)和天然(ran)藥(yao)物，(他(ta)們說)它們可以幫助解決任(ren)何問(wen)題(ti)——從工作問(wen)題(ti)到婚姻問(wen)題(ti)!

Passage 3

During the COVID-19 outbreak, many children were isolated at home. They often felt very unhappy as their normal lives were suddenly interrupted and completely changed.

Sproutel Purrble came to save some of these children out of trouble. An interactive （互動的）plush（毛絨）toy which is equipped with seven sensors（傳感器）that respond to touch,Purrble's able-to-touch heartbeat speeds up to 135 beats per minute when it senses somebody is playing with it.Kids can then comfort their companion with gentle touching and soft voice, slowing Purrble's quick heartbeat to a low continuous sound—calming themselves as well in the process.

Developed through using research from the Committee for Children, a nonprofit and global leader on social-emotional learning, the device aims to help children learn to manage their emotions, such as keeping them calm.

Early research shows that Purrble is doing just that: in a study with 20 families, 19 parents reported that the toy helped their kids calm down when they needed to."I grew up with a long-time illness as a child and would have loved to have this," says Aaron Horowits, head of Sproutel, the company which designed the toy.

36.What is Sproutel Purrble?

A.A sensor.

B.A kid.

C. An illness.

D.A toy.

答案為(wei)【D】

【解析(xi)】本題為(wei)細(xi)節題。定位句：Sproutel Purrble came to save some of these children out of trouble. An interactive （互動(dong)的）plush（毛絨）toy .....即(ji)第二段第一句。由(you)定(ding)位句可(ke)知，Sproutel Purrble是一個(ge)互動的(de)毛絨玩具。對應D為(wei)正確答案(an)。

37.What enables Purrble to calm kids down?

A.Feeling isolated.

B.Having lots of plush.

C.Responding to touch.

D. Making different sounds.

答案為【C】

【解析(xi)】本題為細節題。定位句：....which is equipped with seven sensors（傳感器）that respond to touch,Purrble's able-to-touch heartbeat....即第(di)二段第(di)二句。原(yuan)文中(zhong)是說配備了7個能(neng)對觸摸做出反(fan)應(ying)的傳感器，這個觸(chu)摸反應會改(gai)變聲(sheng)音從而達到安撫的效果。因此C為正確(que)選(xuan)項。

38. How do kids comfort Purrble?

A. Equipping it with sensors.

B.Responding to its sound.

C.Touching it gently.

D.Increasing its heartbeat.

答案(an)為(wei)【C】

【解析】本題為細節題。定位句(ju)：slowing Purrble's quick heartbeat to a low continuous sound—calming themselves as well in the process.即第二段(duan)最后(hou)一句。孩子(zi)通過觸摸娃娃，使娃娃的心率達到(dao)一定狀態(tai)的時候，孩子本(ben)身也能得(de)到安(an)慰。即為C選項。

39.Which of the following designed the device?

A.Sproutel.

B.A famous researcher.

C.Aaron Horowits.

D.Committee for Children.

答(da)案為【A】

【解析】本題(ti)為細節題(ti)。定位句：I grew up with a long-time illness as a child and would have loved to have this," says Aaron Horowits, head of Sproutel, the company which designed the toy.即(ji)最后一段最后一句，對(dui)應了(le)A。

40. Which of the following best describes most parents'attitude to Purrble?

A.Unclear.

B.Critical.

C.Positive.

D.Negative.

答案為【C】

【解析】本題為推理判斷題。定位句：19 parents reported that the toy helped their kids calm down when they needed to.即(ji)最(zui)后一(yi)段(duan)第一(yi)句話，由此可知，家(jia)長們對這個產品還(huan)是(shi)很正向的，因此(ci)選(xuan)C。

譯文(wen)

在2019冠狀病(bing)(bing)毒病(bing)(bing)暴發期間，許多兒童被隔離在(zai)家中。他們經常(chang)感到非常(chang)不開心，因為他們的正(zheng)常(chang)生活突然(ran)被打斷(duan)，完(wan)全改(gai)變了。

斯普勞爾·珀(po)珀(po)來救這些孩子脫離困境。Purrble是(shi)一(yi)款互動(dong)式毛絨玩(wan)具，配備(bei)了7個能對觸(chu)摸做出反應的傳感器。當Purrble感覺(jue)到有(you)人在玩(wan)它(ta)時，它(ta)的心跳速度可達每分鐘135次。然(ran)后，孩子們可以用溫柔(rou)的(de)觸(chu)摸和柔(rou)和的(de)聲音來安慰他(ta)們的(de)同伴，把Purrble快速的心跳放慢(man)到一個低而連續的聲音(yin)——在這個過程中，孩子們也能(neng)平靜下來。

這款(kuan)設備是利用兒(er)童委員會(hui)(Committee for Children)的(de)(de)研究成果開發的(de)(de)，該委員(yuan)會是一家非營利組織(zhi)，也是社交情(qing)(qing)緒學習領域的(de)(de)全(quan)球領導者。它(ta)旨在幫助兒童學會管(guan)理自己的(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)緒，比如保持冷(leng)靜。

早期(qi)的研(yan)究表明Purrble正在這樣做:在(zai)一(yi)項針對20個(ge)家(jia)庭的研究中，19位(wei)父母(mu)報告說，這個玩具在孩子需要的(de)(de)時候幫(bang)助(zhu)他們冷靜下來。設計這款玩具的(de)(de)斯(si)普勞爾公司的(de)(de)負(fu)責人亞倫·霍洛維(wei)茨(ci)說(shuo):“我(wo)小時(shi)候(hou)長期患有一種疾病，我(wo)很想擁有它。”

Passage 4

English is spoken by hundreds of millions of people worldwide, but do the development of translation technology and"mixed"languages damage its status （地(di)位）？

For how much longer will English qualify as the "world's favorite language"? The World Economic Organization estimates that about 1.5 billion people around the world speak it—but fewer than 400 million have it as their first language.

English is the world's favorite lingua franca—the language people are most likely to turn to when they don't share a first language. Imagine, for example, a Russian speaker who speaks no French in conversation with a French speaker who speaks no Russian.The chances are that they would use English.

Five years ago, perhaps. But not anymore. Thanks to advances in computer translation and voice-recognition technology, they can each speak their own language, and hear what the other speaker is saying, which is machine-translated in real time.

So English's days as the world's top global language may be numbered.That is:the computers are coming, and they are winning.

So is the future of English at risk? I don't think so, although its global influence may become less over the coming decades.Like all languages, it is constantly changing and adapting （適(shi)應） to new needs. Until recently，"text"and"friend"were nouns.Now，they are also verbs,as in "I'll text you,"or "Why don't you friend me?"

41. How many people are estimated to speak English as their first language?

A.Less than 1.5 billion.

B.Less than 400 million.

C. More than 1.5 billion.

D. More than 400 million.

答案為(wei)【B】

【解析】本題為細節題。定位(wei)句：but fewer than 400 million have it as their first language.其(qi)中(zhong)less than替換了原文的fewer than。因(yin)此(ci)選B

42. What language will most probably be used between a Russian and a Frenchman without translation technology?

A. English.

B. French.

C. Russian.

D.A mixed language.

答案為【A】

【解析】本題為細節題。定(ding)位(wei)句：a Russian speaker who speaks no French in conversation with a French speaker who speaks no Russian.The chances are that they would use English.原文可知一個俄國人和法國人交(jiao)流的話使用的是英(ying)語，選A。

43.What is a lingua franca?

A.A language spoken by millions of people.

B.A language understood only by machines.

C.A language used in computer translation technology.

D.A language spoken by people who don't share a first language.

答案為【D】

【解析】本題(ti)為(wei)細節題(ti)。定位句：—the language people are most likely to turn to when they don't share a first language.可知當人(ren)們沒(mei)有共同(tong)的第(di)一語言時，他們最有可能求(qiu)助于這(zhe)種語言。故選D項。

44.Which of the following is made possible by machine-translation?

A. Communicating across different languages.

B.Identifying speakers through voice recognition.

C. Using English as the world's favorite language.

D.Replacing English by computer language.

答(da)案為【A】

【解(jie)析】本(ben)題(ti)為細(xi)節題(ti)。定(ding)位句：Thanks to advances in computer translation and voice-recognition technology, they can each speak their own language, ......A項(xiang)的different languages替換了原文的they can each speak their own language.因此A項正確。

45.What does the writer think of the future of the English language?

A.It is extremely promising.

B.It is still full of hope.

C. It is uncertain.

D. It is at risk.

答案為【B】

【解析】本(ben)題為推理(li)判斷題。定位句：So is the future of English at risk? I don't think so, although its global influence may become less over the coming decades.即最后一段(duan)第一句話，在句(ju)首作者對(dui)于處在危險之中(zhong)的英語的未來(lai)就給(gei)出了否定的意見。因此CD排除，因為都是負(fu)向(xiang)的總結，A項過(guo)于絕對。因此B項(xiang)為(wei)正確答案。

譯文

全世界有數億(yi)人說英語，但是(shi)翻(fan)譯技術和“混合”語言的(de)發展會損害英(ying)語的(de)地位嗎?

英語作為“世界上最受歡(huan)迎(ying)的語言”的地位還能維持多(duo)久?世(shi)界經濟組(zu)織估(gu)計全世(shi)界大約有15億(yi)人說英(ying)語，但只有不(bu)到(dao)4億人把英語(yu)作為他們的第一語(yu)言。

英語是世界(jie)上最受(shou)歡迎的通用語——當人(ren)們沒有(you)共(gong)同的(de)第一(yi)語言時，英(ying)語是最有(you)可能求助的(de)語言。例如，想象一(yi)下，一(yi)個(ge)說(shuo)俄(e)(e)語的(de)人(ren)不會說(shuo)法語，而另一(yi)個(ge)說(shuo)法語的(de)人(ren)不會說(shuo)俄(e)(e)語。他們很可能會使用英(ying)語。

也許是(shi)(shi)五年(nian)前(qian)吧。但(dan)現在不是(shi)(shi)了(le)。由于計算機(ji)翻譯(yi)和語(yu)音識別技術的(de)進步，他們可以說自己的(de)語(yu)言，并(bing)聽到對方(fang)說的(de)話，這是(shi)(shi)機(ji)器(qi)實時翻譯(yi)的(de)。

因此(ci)，英語作為全球頭號(hao)語言(yan)的(de)日子(zi)可能屈(qu)指(zhi)可數了。那就是:計(ji)算機正在到來，而且它(ta)們正在取得(de)勝利。

那(nei)么，英語的未來岌岌可(ke)危嗎?我(wo)不(bu)這么認為，盡管中(zhong)國的全球影響力(li)在(zai)未來幾(ji)十年可能(neng)會減弱。像所有(you)的語言一樣，它也在(zai)不(bu)斷地變化和適應新的需求(qiu)。直到(dao)最近，“文本”和“朋(peng)友”都是名詞。現在，它(ta)們也是動(dong)詞，比如“我給你(ni)發(fa)短(duan)信”或(huo)“你為什(shen)么不加我為好友?”

Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was one of the most influential scientists of all time. His theory of evolution by natural selection explained how life on Earth developed, and is the basic concept upon which the life sciences are built.

Darwin's father was a doctor. On leaving school, Darwin followed in his father's footsteps and went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he gave up because he hated the sight of blood. He then went to the University of Cambridge, intending to work in a church.

Darwin discovered his love of natural history at Cambridge,where he spent much of his time collecting insects. He graduated in1831 and accepted a place as a naturalist on board Beagle. The ship's five-year voyage proved to be the most important period in Darwin's life,providing the basis for his future ideas and writings.

He returned to England in 1836 and published an account of his travels, which made him famous. He began to develop his theory of natural selection and published his revolutionary book On the Origin of Species in 1859.This was followed by The Descent of Man in 1871, in which he applied his ideas to explaining the evolution of humans.

Charles Darwin

His theory of evolution by_______46 is a basic concept of the life sciences.  

He studied 47_____at Edinburgh University after leaving school.

He discovered his love of 48______at Cambridge.

The five-year voyage provided the 49_____for his future ideas and writings.

He applied his ideas in The Descent of Man to explaining the 50_____of humans.

46. 答(da)案(an)為【natural election】

【解析】定位句： His theory of evolution by natural selection explained how......第一段第二句。

47. 答案為【medicine】

【解析】定位句：On leaving school, Darwin followed in his father's footsteps and went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. 即第(di)二段第(di)二句，Darwin步(bu)他爸(ba)爸(ba)前(qian)塵，在愛(ai)丁堡(bao)大(da)學(xue)學(xue)習醫(yi)藥學(xue)。

48. 答案為【natural history】

【解析】定(ding)位(wei)句：Darwin discovered his love of natural history at Cambridge即(ji)第(di)三段(duan)第(di)一句。在劍橋(qiao)找(zhao)到了(le)自己(ji)的最(zui)愛。

49. 答案(an)為【basis】

【解析】定位(wei)句；,providing the basis for his future ideas and writings.即(ji)第三段最(zui)后(hou)一句話，這(zhe)段時(shi)間(jian)的航行時(shi)間(jian)奠(dian)定了他(ta)未來(lai)的創作的想法和寫作的基調。此(ci)題容易寫成前一句話中的“most important period”但(dan)是要注意題干中的關(guan)鍵詞是“ideas and writings”。

50. 答案為【evolution】

【解析】定位(wei)句：by The Descent of Man in 1871, in which he applied his ideas to explaining the evolution of humans.原(yuan)詞(ci)重(zhong)現。

51.They rely on themselves,which is much better.

A.依靠他們自己(ji)比依靠別人好。

B.如果他們能依靠自己(ji)就好了。

C.他們依靠(kao)自己(ji)，這(zhe)就好多(duo)了(le)。

答案為(wei)【C】

【解析】此(ci)題涵蓋一個(ge)非限制性定語(yu)從(cong)句，which指代的(de)是前面(mian)的(de)整(zheng)句話即“他們(men)依靠自己”，A項的(de)“依靠別人”并未(wei)表現出來，B項(xiang)的“如(ru)果”也(ye)并未表現出(chu)來。

52. He is unworthy to live who lives only for himself.

A.此生只為己，不配(pei)活在世。

B.此生不值得，除非為自己。

C.若不為己活，還不如(ru)不活。

答案為【A】

【解析(xi)】這句要在who前進行結(jie)構劃分。前半句翻(fan)譯為“他不值得活”，后(hou)半句是who引導的定語(yu)從句，解釋“他(ta)”是什么樣(yang)的人，才不值得活(huo)的，即“只(zhi)為他自己而活”。直譯(yi)是：只為自己而活，他不值(zhi)得活。美化一下，就是A項(xiang)(xiang)了。（這句(ju)翻譯有點難度，但其(qi)實只看選項(xiang)(xiang)也可以選出來，因為BC的(de)價值(zhi)觀是(shi)錯(cuo)誤(wu)的(de)，在考試(shi)中是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)能被選的(de)）

be unworthy to do “不值得(de)做”

live for…   “為……而活”

53.Don't cough more than you can help.

A.能不咳，就不咳。

B.別咳了，你咳得(de)太多了。

C.不要(yao)咳得多于你能不咳的。

答案為【A】

【解析】本句的help也(ye)是一種習慣用法(fa)，常和(he)can或cannot連用(yong)，表示(shi)“避免、阻止(zhi)、忍耐”等意思，如I can't help it. （我(wo)沒有辦(ban)法/我(wo)一點沒轍。）絕對(dui)不能譯成“我不能幫助(zhu)它”這里的it并不特指(zhi)某樣(yang)東(dong)西，而指(zhi)“情況、局面、形勢(shi)”等(deng)。常用搭配can't help doing sth.意(yi)為(wei)“忍不住做某事”，所(suo)以I cannot help coughing.是“我忍不住要(yao)咳(ke)嗽(sou)”的意思。more than除了“多于(yu)，超過” “不僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)” “很” 這些(xie)意思之外，還有一(yi)種用(yong)法：more than+句子（句中常(chang)含(han)有can

或could)意為“非…所能(neng)…，是…難以的”，如The beauty of the West Lake is more than I could imagine.（西湖(hu)之美是我難以想象的）。more than能(neng)夠表示含(han)蓄婉轉的否(fou)定，有件事(shi)你不能(neng)告(gao)訴某人，說That's really more than I can tell you.要比I cannot tell you.婉轉得多(duo)，這樣說的含義是(shi)因為(wei)紀律規定(ding)等(deng)原因你不能(neng)告訴(su)他(ta)，而不是(shi)你本人不愿(yuan)意說。所以，本句可以譯成：除非你忍不住，盡量不要咳嗽。換成我們日(ri)常(chang)習(xi)慣的說法，就是(shi)A選項。

54. I didn't begin to work till he had gone.

A. 他還沒走(zou)我(wo)就開始工(gong)作了。

B. 他走了(le)之后(hou)我才開(kai)始工作。

C.我還沒開始工作他就(jiu)走(zou)了。

答案(an)為【B】

【解(jie)析】not…till…   "直到……才……"原(yuan)句(ju)直譯為“我沒開始工作(zuo)，直到他走了”。把 "直(zhi)到……才……" 加(jia)進去就是：直(zhi)到(dao)他走了我才開始工作(zuo)，選B。

55. The personnel manager said he would have an interview with the applicant on Tuesday.

A.人(ren)事部經理星(xing)期二說他將對應聘(pin)者進行面試(shi)。

B.人事部經理說他將于星期二對(dui)應聘(pin)者進行面試。

C.人事部經理說(shuo)每個星期二他(ta)將(jiang)對應聘者進行面試。

答案為【B】

【解析(xi)】本句看起(qi)來長，但其實the personnel manager、interview、applicant在選項(xiang)里都已(yi)經有釋義了，只需要搞清楚本句的on Tuesday是哪個(ge)動作發(fa)生的(de)時間。said后面的(de)可以當成一個(ge)單獨的(de)句(ju)子拿出來(lai)翻譯，前(qian)面再加上“某某說”就行，選(xuan)B。